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Probiotics are normally taken after an antibiotic. Scientists investigate what makes a certain strain of yeast ( S. Reproducible changes in the gut microbiome suggest a shift in microbial and host metabolism during spaceflight. Understanding the factors that can cause these kinds of microbiome changes would be useful in reducing risks to crew health during long-term human space expeditions. Using the newly developed tool, the research team found that radiation exposure and microgravity can affect the bacteria in a mouse’s gut microbiome, which may have larger implications for human astronauts. The researchers pointed out that habitat had a big impact on mice in the spaceflight group and the ground control group, including gas composition, temperature, and diet. To study spaceflight-associated changes in the gut microbial diversity and community structure, the research team computed the number and evenness of species in each sample. In a new paper published in Microbiome, a group of researchers at Northwestern University and the University of Illinois at Chicago developed a new analytical tool called Starmaps to compare microbiome samples collected from mice after a 37-day spaceflight onboard the International Space Station to other relevant datasets.
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Specific space environmental factors, such as microgravity and radiation, may alter the gut microbiota, representing a risk to astronaut health, especially during long-term spaceflight missions. Gut bacteria have a direct impact on our health, by helping the body to digest certain foods, ensuring proper digestive functioning, as well as having a barrier effect in the immune system. It has been estimated that our gut contains at least 1000 different species of known bacteria with 100-fold more genes than those found in the human genome. The human intestinal tract consists of a diverse and complex microbial community, which plays a central role in human health. Researchers found that specific environmental factors may alter the gut microbial community during spaceflight.